Which vital sign change might indicate a client's response to a developing infection?

Which vital sign change might indicate a client's response to a developing infection?

• A. Bradycardia and hypotension
• B. Pulse rate elevation and fever
• C. Increased respiratory rate with hypotension
• D. Stable blood pressure and decreased heart rate

Answer: (B)

Pulse rate elevation and fever are significant indicators of the body's response to a developing infection. When an infection occurs, the immune system is activated, leading to a systemic inflammatory response. This response can result in an increased metabolic rate, which often manifests as an elevated heart rate (tachycardia) as the body works to deliver more oxygen and nutrients to tissues to fight off the infection. Additionally, fever is a common physiological response to infection, as the body raises its temperature to create a less favorable environment for pathogens and enhance the effectiveness of the immune cells. Therefore, the combination of an elevated pulse rate and fever is a classic clinical sign of a developing infection that health care providers closely monitor. Other options may indicate issues but do not directly reflect the typical response to an infection. For instance, bradycardia and hypotension can be related to various conditions that may not be primarily associated with infection. Similarly, an increased respiratory rate with hypotension points to a potential acute illness but not specifically to infection. Lastly, stable blood pressure paired with a decreased heart rate does not align with the body's physiological reaction to infection, where one would expect changes in vital signs such as those indicated in the correct option.

Pulse rate elevation and fever are significant indicators of the body's response to a developing infection. When an infection occurs, the immune system is activated, leading to a systemic inflammatory response. This response can result in an increased metabolic rate, which often manifests as an elevated heart rate (tachycardia) as the body works to deliver more oxygen and nutrients to tissues to fight off the infection.

Additionally, fever is a common physiological response to infection, as the body raises its temperature to create a less favorable environment for pathogens and enhance the effectiveness of the immune cells. Therefore, the combination of an elevated pulse rate and fever is a classic clinical sign of a developing infection that health care providers closely monitor.

Other options may indicate issues but do not directly reflect the typical response to an infection. For instance, bradycardia and hypotension can be related to various conditions that may not be primarily associated with infection. Similarly, an increased respiratory rate with hypotension points to a potential acute illness but not specifically to infection. Lastly, stable blood pressure paired with a decreased heart rate does not align with the body's physiological reaction to infection, where one would expect changes in vital signs such as those indicated in the correct option.